Antigen Preparation
A recombinant protein of human CD158a
Background
"CD158a is 58 kDa protein, also known as KIR2DL1. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are transmembrane glycoproteins expressed by natural killer cells and subsets of T cells. The KIR genes are polymorphic and highly homologous and they are found in a cluster on chromosome 19q13.4 within the 1 Mb leukocyte receptor complex (LRC). The gene content of the KIR gene cluster varies among haplotypes, although several ""framework"" genes are found in all haplotypes (KIR3DL3, KIR3DP1, KIR3DL4, KIR3DL2). The KIR proteins are classified by the number of extracellular immunoglobulin domains (2D or 3D) and by whether they have a long (L) or short (S) cytoplasmic domain. KIR proteins with the long cytoplasmic domain transduce inhibitory signals upon ligand binding via an immune tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), while KIR proteins with the short cytoplasmic domain lack the ITIM motif and instead associate with the TYRO protein tyrosine kinase binding protein to transduce activating signals. The ligands for several KIR proteins are subsets of HLA class I molecules; thus, KIR proteins are thought to play an important role in regulation of the immune response.
Evidence suggests that KIR genes are associated with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). KIR2DL1 and 2DS1 polymorphism might be a potential protective factor for T1DM in the specific ethnicity."
Applications/Suggested Working Dilutions
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Immunoprecipitation
2-5 µg/ml
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Flow cytometry
0.5-5 µg/106 cells
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